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Text File | 1993-10-26 | 4.6 KB | 101 lines | [TEXT/$Tcl] |
-
- open fileName ?access? ?permissions?
-
-
- DESCRIPTION
- This command opens a file and returns an identifier that may
- be used in future invocations of commands like read, puts,
- and close. FileName gives the name of the file to open; if
- it starts with a tilde then tilde substitution is performed
- as described for Tcl_TildeSubst. If the first character of
- fileName is ``|'' then the remaining characters of fileName
- are treated as a command pipeline to invoke, in the same
- style as for exec. In this case, the identifier returned by
- open may be used to write to the command's input pipe or
- read from its output pipe.
-
- The access argument indicates the way in which the file (or
- command pipeline) is to be accessed. It may take two forms,
- either a string in the form that would be passed to the
- fopen library procedure or a list of POSIX access flags. It
- defaults to ``r''. In the first form access may have any of
- the following values:
-
- r Open the file for reading only; the file must
- already exist.
-
- r+ Open the file for both reading and writing;
- the file must already exist.
-
- w Open the file for writing only. Truncate it
- if it exists. If it doesn't exist, create a
- new file.
-
- w+ Open the file for reading and writing. Trun-
- cate it if it exists. If it doesn't exist,
- create a new file.
-
- a Open the file for writing only. The file
- must already exist, and the file is posi-
- tioned so that new data is appended to the
- file.
-
- a+ Open the file for reading and writing. If
- the file doesn't exist, create a new empty
- file. Set the initial access position to
- the end of the file.
-
- In the second form, access consists of a list of any of the
- following flags, all of which have the standard POSIX mean-
- ings. One of the flags must be either RDONLY, WRONLY or
- RDWR.
-
- RDONLY Open the file for reading only.
-
- WRONLY Open the file for writing only.
-
- RDWR Open the file for both reading and writing.
-
- APPEND Set the file pointer to the end of the file
- prior to each write.
-
- CREAT Create the file if it doesn't already exist
- (without this flag it is an error for the
- file not to exist).
-
- EXCL If CREAT is specified also, an error is
- returned if the file already exists.
-
- NOCTTY If the file is a terminal device, this flag
- prevents the file from becoming the control-
- ling terminal of the process.
-
- NONBLOCK Prevents the process from blocking while
- opening the file. For details refer to your
- system documentation on the open system
- call's O_NONBLOCK flag.
-
- TRUNC If the file exists it is truncated to zero
- length.
-
- If a new file is created as part of opening it, permissions
- (an integer) is used to set the permissions for the new file
- in conjunction with the process's file mode creation mask.
- Permissions defaults to 0666.
-
- If a file is opened for both reading and writing then seek
- must be invoked between a read and a write, or vice versa
- (this restriction does not apply to command pipelines opened
- with open). When fileName specifies a command pipeline and
- a write-only access is used, then standard output from the
- pipeline is directed to the current standard output unless
- overridden by the command. When fileName specifies a com-
- mand pipeline and a read-only access is used, then standard
- input from the pipeline is taken from the current standard
- input unless overridden by the command.
-
-
- KEYWORDS
- access mode, append, controlling terminal, create, file,
- non-blocking, open, permissions, pipeline, process
-